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Samuel Coleridge – “Kubla Khan”
The middle of the 18th century was a period of transition and experiment in poetic styles. Shifts in the view of nature and function of poetry started from the idea that poetry is imitation, to the view that poetry has or its major function the expression of the poet’s emotions. Now what matters is the poet’s relation with his poem, rather than with his audience. Romanticism brought along new sources of inspiration, such as the primitives – the Bible, Homer’s writings, ballads and folk poetry. Also, new political and social ideas helped to complicate the picture, such as the French Revolution, with its ideals of freedom, rejection of the old, spirit of rejuvenation etc, while the Industrial Revolution in England brought along worries about the future of the new urban areas, the decaying countryside and nature in general (pollution). Also the Romantics went back to history, glorifying the local past, not only the remote past of the Greek and Roman antiquity, as the Neo-Classics had done before them. The local past and local legends and heroes become sources of inspiration to the Romantic poet, just as less glorious subjects, such as the lives of ordinary people, are given attention. Samuel Coleridge belongs to the first generation of Romantic poets, and the first to introduce the supernatural in his poetry. Kubla Khan’s garden retraces the symbolism of Milton’s Paradise Lost and tries to recapture the qualities of the original paradise, by reconciling the extremes of reason/intellect and instinct/subconscious, the whole reunited into a beautiful metaphor of artistic creation and an inspired presentation of the poet-prophet and visionary, forever transformed by the experience of creation. Also the first stanza can be read as a representation of the combination of sacredness and pleasure which for Coleridge, like for Wordsworth was the sign of true art The first two stanzas are organized around the con... Please login to view comments from other users.
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