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Anthropology’s Symbiotic Relationship With Photography
9/25/1999 Anthropology 174 It is by no coincidence that the fields of photography and anthropology have evolved together. At the very least, photography and the visual representation of so-called “primitive” peoples have legitimized and mainstreamed the field of anthropology. Anthropologists have been called “merchants of the exotic,” a reputation well deserved based on the early period of ethnographic photography. In many cases anthropologists have been aware of this reputation and exploited it, to promote interest in their work. In many other cases however anthropologists have had a genuine interest in promoting enlightenment and understanding of nonwestern cultures, yet have still missed the mark and spread stigma and stereotype instead. Photography and visual representation is a very powerful medium (in both productive and destructive ways) which probably was not fully appreciated at its inception, but is perhaps more understandable in retrospect. The first photographs were modeled after the two modes of painting (portraiture and landscape, or “scenes”), which were the only other form of two-dimensional visual representation at the time. This can be seen in the early ethnographic photos of Rudolph Poch, who posed his subjects in various positions and stood in the midst of them looking far off into the distance (probably thinking himself a very great man). As the field of photography progressed, and photographers began to discover new uses and possibilities of photography (i.e. other than just really realistic-looking paintings), the medium developed new meaning, and attracted new interests. Of these new interests anthropologists too discovered photography as a tool for a wider range of uses. Elizabeth Edwards, summarizing Rochelle Kolodny outlines three functions of photography underlying its use today. The first is romanticism, which is based on the tradition of painting and ar... Please login to view comments from other users.
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