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Eugenics
Throughout the course of time, science has been somehow responsible nearly every time a major concept in society was changed. The early twentieth century is no exception. This was a period of novelty; new inventions, new luxuries, and new ideas. One of these new ideas was the concept of “eugenics,” or genetically improving the overall quality of the human race. It started out seeming like a practical way to eradicate certain genetic deficiencies, but became a full blown revolution in the attitude of many towards those with even slight deficiencies. The impact of the eugenics movement started small, but within a few years it had spread worldwide and defined many of the political ideas of the time. The concept behind eugenics was not a new concept in the early 1900s, but had never been given a name before. Even early societies put eugenics into practice. For instance, in ancient Sparta, sickly children were killed or abandoned. They filtered out the “undesirable” traits in children, a practice which has come to be called “negative eugenics.” In the late nineteenth century, a man named Francis Galton gave eugenic thought great emphasis. Yet it was not until Gregor Mendel’s theories on genetics were rediscovered by Charles Davenport in 1901 that the ideas of modern eugenics was given any credibility. Davenport conducted experiments that proved what Mendel had said years before in his laws of genetics. Davenport, however, took it another step. He extended Mendel’s laws to include characteristics such as pauperism, alcoholism, and the popular term of the day, “feeblemindedness.” Davenport also connected behavior to race, class, and pedigree. While all of Davenport’s ideas were up to date with all current research, such as his conclusion that characteristics such as what he called “thalassophilia,” or the love of the sea, were sex-linked recessive traits given that they were almost always in males. This co... Please login to view comments from other users.
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